![]() The basic unit for both solid and liquid measures was the κύαθος (kyathos, plural: kyathoi). A common unit in both measures throughout historic Greece was the cotyle or cotyla whose absolute value varied from one place to another between 210 ml and 330 ml. Greeks measured volume according to either solids or liquids, suited respectively to measuring grain and wine. The values of the units varied according to location and epoch (e.g., in Aegina a pous was approximately 333 mm (13.1 in), whereas in Athens (Attica) it was about 296 mm (11.7 in)), but the relative proportions were generally the same.ĭistance from thumb-tip to tip of outstretched index finger Įxcept where noted, based on Smith (1851). ![]() Some Greek measures of length were named after parts of the body, such as the δάκτυλος ( daktylos, plural: δάκτυλοι daktyloi) or finger (having the size of a thumb), and the πούς ( pous, plural: πόδες podes) or foot (having the size of a shoe). By about 500 BC, Athens had a central depository of official weights and measures, the Tholos, where merchants were required to test their measuring devices against official standards. The calibration and use of measuring devices became more sophisticated. Some units of measurement were found to be convenient for trade within the Mediterranean region and these units became increasingly common to different city states. ![]() ![]() Systems of ancient weights and measures evolved as needs changed Solon and other lawgivers also reformed them en bloc. System of measurement used in Ancient GreeceĪncient Greek units of measurement varied according to location and epoch. ![]()
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